Concepts

What is MCP?

How the Model Context Protocol gives agents a standard way to discover and call tools from external systems.

5 min read·July 24, 2026

A common interface for agent tools

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open protocol for connecting AI applications to tools and context providers. An MCP server publishes capabilities; an MCP client discovers them and makes them available to a model.

Instead of writing a custom integration contract for every agent framework, teams can expose a tool once and connect compatible clients to it.

How a call works

A client connects to a server, requests its tool catalog, and receives names plus JSON schemas for their arguments. When the model selects a tool, the client validates and sends the call to the server.

  • Discovery describes what is available.
  • Schemas constrain the arguments a model can send.
  • Transport carries requests over stdio or a network connection.
  • The host remains responsible for consent, credentials, and policy.

MCP is not authorization

MCP standardizes connectivity; it does not decide whether a particular agent should be allowed to issue a refund or read a customer record. Apply least-privilege permissions and runtime policies around MCP tool calls.

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